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The
OPCS Survey [1993]
A more honest
approach to the subject of dental health has been
employed by the Office of Population Censuses &
Surveys (OPCS). A survey published in 1993 was
structured so;-
"Q. What do you
think can be done to stop teeth rotting (or going
bad)?" NB. More than one answer could be given.
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ANSWERS
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Parents with
children aged ... |
5 |
8 |
12 |
15 |
|
Avoid sweet things |
59% |
56% |
47% |
42% |
|
Clean regularly |
81% |
80% |
81% |
83% |
|
Have a balanced
diet |
26% |
26% |
27% |
28% |
|
Visit a dentist
regularly |
25% |
24% |
27% |
29% |
|
Preventative
treatment at dentist |
3% |
4% |
4% |
4% |
|
Take fluoride
supplements / use fluoride toothpaste |
5% |
3% |
4% |
5% |
|
Add fluoride to
water |
1% |
2% |
2% |
1% |
|
Fluoride ( nothing
else specified ) |
2% |
2% |
1% |
2% |
|
More / better
dental education |
3% |
3% |
3% |
4% |
|
Other specified
answer |
0% |
1% |
2% |
1% |
|
Don't know |
1% |
1% |
1% |
1% |
NB. There
is no indication that the respondents were primed
with leading questions and therefore the answers
appear to be more honestly arrived at.
The above table is
in contrast to the surveys carried out to test
peoples reaction to water fluoridation. This is
where the distinction between objectivity and
subjectivity comes in. The OPCS survey asked
respondents a question which did not have a simple
yes or no answer. It was not a leading question and
the respondents had to use their own initiative.
Unbiased surveys
v. biased opinion polls
Conversely, opinion
polls sometimes propose a question based on
emotional blackmail and supposition. For example, it
may say: "do you believe that fluoride should be
added to water if it prevents tooth decay". The
question may seem quite harmless and innocent but it
has been constructed in such a way that the expected
answer has to be 'yes'.
Firstly, the
question supposes that fluoridation works.
Secondly, fluoride
is mentioned but who knows what fluoride really is?
Thirdly, the
expression "prevents tooth decay" is again an
assumption.
Fourthly, why use
the word "if". We are told by the pro-fluoride lobby
that fluoridation works. So why don't they say
"because it will" instead of "if it". The answer
should be obvious. To say that fluoridation will
reduce DMFT is fraudulent because it cannot be
proven.
The emotional
blackmail element is somewhat more subtle. Who, for
example, would say 'no' to this type of question. To
say 'no' would make you appear anti-social and
selfish. So for this reason, you feel obliged to say
yes. Finally, the question is obviously one-sided
and does not allow any contrary opinion to be
stated.
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