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Bones from thousands of dead children used in
nuclear fallout tests
By Andrew Hibberd, The Independent, 01
October 2001.
Bones from thousands of children who died
between 1954 and 1970 were tested, without their parents' consent, to see if
they had been exposed to radioactive fallout, the Atomic Energy Authority
said yesterday.
Thigh bones from 4,000 children were used
in experiments to measure the longer-term effects on humans of atomic
explosions, it said. The femurs were taken without consultation with
parents, the authority said. It tried to justify its use of the bones,
saying that the research during the 1950s led to the eventual cessation of
atmospheric nuclear bomb testing.
Beth Taylor, a spokeswoman for the
authority, said: "It is true that parental or relatives' approval wasn't
sought. We assume that parents weren't asked because it wasn't the norm at
the time."
The research showed the bones had higher
levels of Strontium 90 – a dangerous chemical that the body can use instead
of calcium to make bones.
Ms Taylor said the research – which was
carried out in London and Glasgow – contributed to a decision to halt
British atmospheric nuclear explosions in 1963. "The programme was done for
the best of reasons," she said. "It was the period when we were doing
atmospheric tests of hydrogen bombs and there was quite a bit of concern
about the dangers of nuclear fallout."
Similar revelations were made in June when
the Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency admitted it
had shipped dead children's bones from Australia to Britain and the US for
tests.
The involuntary altruism forced on parents
has failed to win over activists angered by similarly secretive post-mortem
organ removals at some British hospitals. A spokeswoman for Scottish Parents
for a Public Inquiry into Organ Retention said stronger laws were needed to
ensure parents had control of their children's bodies after their deaths.
Parents were outraged when it was revealed
that a Dutch pathologist, Dick van Velzen, while working at the Alder Hey
children's hospital in Liverpool, had stripped children of their organs
during post-mortem examinations between 1988 and 1995, without parental
consent.
The Government said in a report in January
that the actions of Dr van Velzen were "unethical and illegal" and that "the
pain caused to the parents by this dreadful sequence of events is
unforgivable".
The scandal at Alder Hey led to more
wide-ranging inquiries which found that more than 100,000 hearts, brains,
lungs and other organs were held by hospitals and medical schools across the
country, many without the knowledge of next-of-kin.
Many parents were forced to bury their
children twice, and in some cases three times, as different parts of their
bodies were found in pathology laboratories.
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